{"id":4577,"date":"2026-08-11T11:48:19","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T09:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/?post_type=guide-dutilisateur&#038;p=4577"},"modified":"2026-08-11T11:52:03","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T09:52:03","slug":"il-principio-cio-che-un-testo-dice-e-cio-che-non-dice","status":"publish","type":"guide-dutilisateur","link":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/","title":{"rendered":"Il principio: ci\u00f2 che un test rivela e ci\u00f2 che non rivela"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ogni test mette a confronto due ipotesi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H0<\/strong>, l'ipotesi nulla: non vi \u00e8 alcuna differenza. \u00c8 l'ipotesi predefinita, quella che si cerca di confutare.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H1<\/strong>, l'ipotesi alternativa: c'\u00e8 una differenza.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il test calcola la&nbsp;<strong>valore p<\/strong>&nbsp;: la probabilit\u00e0 di osservare uno scostamento almeno pari al vostro&nbsp;<strong>se H0 fosse vera<\/strong>. Un valore p basso rende poco plausibile l'ipotesi di casualit\u00e0, e si rifiuta l'ipotesi nulla H0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le\u00a0<strong>rischio alfa<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e8 la soglia che ci si prefigge, tradizionalmente 5 %. \u00c8 il rischio di segnalare una differenza che in realt\u00e0 non esiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ellistat <a href=\"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/soluzioni-per-lanalisi-dei-dati\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"905\">Analisi dei dati<\/a> suddivide la conclusione in quattro livelli, con un codice colore:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>valore p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Conclusione<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>p \u2264 0,01<\/td><td>Molto significativo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,01 &lt; p \u2264 0,05<\/td><td>Significativo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,05 &lt; p \u2264 0,1<\/td><td>Limite significativo<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>p &gt; 0,1<\/td><td>Non significativo<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f\u00a0<strong>\u00abNon significativo\u00bb non significa \"uguale\".<\/strong>\u00a0Ci\u00f2 significa che i vostri dati non sono sufficienti per trarre conclusioni. Con cinque misurazioni per gruppo, una differenza reale significativa pu\u00f2 risultare non significativa, poich\u00e9 il test non ha la potenza statistica necessaria per rilevarla. \u00c8 proprio a questo che serve l\u2019ingresso\u00a0<strong>Potenza<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udca1 Allo stesso modo, una differenza minima diventa significativa su campioni molto ampi.&nbsp;<strong>\"Significativo\" non significa \"importante\".<\/strong>&nbsp;Oltre al valore p, occorre sempre considerare l\u2019entit\u00e0 della differenza: la statistica indica se la differenza \u00e8 reale, l\u2019ingegnere valuta se \u00e8 rilevante.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":20,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":true},"menu-guide-dutilisateur":[23],"class_list":["post-4577","guide-dutilisateur","type-guide-dutilisateur","status-publish","hentry","menu-guide-dutilisateur-5-statistiques-inferentielles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu&#039;il ne dit pas - Ellistat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H0, H1, p-value, risque alpha : comprenez ce qu&#039;un test statistique d\u00e9montre r\u00e9ellement, et pourquoi significatif ne veut pas dire important.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/guida-per-lutente\/il-principio-cio-che-un-testo-dice-e-cio-che-non-dice\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu&#039;il ne dit pas - Ellistat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H0, H1, p-value, risque alpha : comprenez ce qu&#039;un test statistique d\u00e9montre r\u00e9ellement, et pourquoi significatif ne veut pas dire important.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/guida-per-lutente\/il-principio-cio-che-un-testo-dice-e-cio-che-non-dice\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ellistat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-11T09:52:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tempo di lettura stimato\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minuti\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/guide-dutilisateur\\\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/guide-dutilisateur\\\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\\\/\",\"name\":\"Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu'il ne dit pas - Ellistat\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-11T09:48:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-11T09:52:03+00:00\",\"description\":\"H0, H1, p-value, risque alpha : comprenez ce qu'un test statistique d\u00e9montre r\u00e9ellement, et pourquoi significatif ne veut pas dire important.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/guide-dutilisateur\\\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/guide-dutilisateur\\\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/guide-dutilisateur\\\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu&rsquo;il ne dit pas\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ellistat\",\"description\":\"La suite qualit\u00e9 de l&#039;industrie m\u00e9canique\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ellistat.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"it-IT\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Il principio: ci\u00f2 che un test rivela e ci\u00f2 che non rivela - Ellistat","description":"H0, H1, p-value, rischio alfa: capite cosa dimostra realmente un test statistico e perch\u00e9 \u201csignificativo\u201d non significa \u201cimportante\u201d.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/guida-per-lutente\/il-principio-cio-che-un-testo-dice-e-cio-che-non-dice\/","og_locale":"it_IT","og_type":"article","og_title":"Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu'il ne dit pas - Ellistat","og_description":"H0, H1, p-value, risque alpha : comprenez ce qu'un test statistique d\u00e9montre r\u00e9ellement, et pourquoi significatif ne veut pas dire important.","og_url":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/guida-per-lutente\/il-principio-cio-che-un-testo-dice-e-cio-che-non-dice\/","og_site_name":"Ellistat","article_modified_time":"2026-08-11T09:52:03+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tempo di lettura stimato":"2 minuti"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/","url":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/","name":"Il principio: ci\u00f2 che un test rivela e ci\u00f2 che non rivela - Ellistat","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-08-11T09:48:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-11T09:52:03+00:00","description":"H0, H1, p-value, rischio alfa: capite cosa dimostra realmente un test statistico e perch\u00e9 \u201csignificativo\u201d non significa \u201cimportante\u201d.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"it-IT","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ellistat.com\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/guide-dutilisateur\/le-principe-ce-que-dit-un-text-et-ce-quil-ne-dit-pas\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Le principe : ce que dit un test et ce qu&rsquo;il ne dit pas"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/","name":"Ellistat","description":"La suite della qualit\u00e0 per l'industria meccanica","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"it-IT"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/guide-dutilisateur\/4577","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/guide-dutilisateur"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/guide-dutilisateur"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"menu-guide-dutilisateur","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ellistat.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/menu-guide-dutilisateur?post=4577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}